This course introduces students to the economics of finance. Some of the basic models used to benchmark valuation of assets and derivatives are studied in detail.
Basic theory of interest; discounting and present value; internal rate of return; evaluation criteria; fixed-income securities; bond prices and yields; interest rate sensitivity and duration; immunisation; the term structure of interest rates; yield curves; spot rates and forward rates.
Random asset returns; portfolios of assets; portfolio mean and variance; feasible combinations of mean and variance; mean-variance portfolio analysis: the Markowitz model and the two-fund theorem; risk-free assets and the one-fund theorem.
The capital market line; the capital asset pricing model; the beta of an asset and of a portfolio; security market line; use of the CAPM model in investment analysis and as a pricing formula.
Introduction to derivatives and options; forward and futures contracts; options; other derivatives; forward and future prices; stock index futures; interest rate futures; the use of futures for hedging; duration-based hedging strategies; option markets; call and put options; factors affecting option prices; put-call parity; option trading strategies: spreads; straddles; strips and straps; strangles; the principle of arbitrage; discrete processes and the binomial tree model; risk-neutral valuation.
Patterns of corporate financing: common stock; debt; preferences; convertibles; Capital structure and the cost of capital; corporate debt and dividend policy; the Modigliani-Miller theorem.